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The world this week--Business
本周國際要聞--商業
Markets reacted positively to the British government’s decision to scrap most of its unfunded tax cuts.
英國政府決定取消大部分無資金準備的減稅措施，市場對此反應積極。
The yield on 30-year gilts fell back to around 4.2%, still higher than it was just before the mini-budget spooked investors in late September.
30年期英國國債的收益率回落至4.2%左右，仍高于9月底迷你預算令投資者恐慌之前的水平。
The pound traded around $1.12, not far off its lows in recent days.
英鎊兌美元匯率約為1英鎊兌1.12美元，接近最近幾天的低點。
Jeremy Hunt, the new chancellor, is reportedly mulling windfall taxes on banks and energy companies to help plug a fiscal gap still worth tens of billions of pounds.
據報道，新任財政大臣杰里米·亨特正在考慮對銀行和能源公司征收暴利稅，以幫助填補仍高達數百億英鎊的財政缺口。
Big cuts to public spending are also in the offing.
即將會大幅削減公共支出。
The Bank of England said it would start selling the bonds it has accumulated through its quantitative-easing programmes on November 1st, but only short- and medium-dated gilts and not bonds with a maturity of more than 20 years, which saw the sharpest sell-off in the recent turmoil.
英國央行表示，將于11月1日開始出售通過量化寬松計劃積累的債券，但只出售中短期國債，而非期限超過20年的國債，這些債券在最近的動蕩中遭遇了最嚴重的拋售。
The central bank started buying longer-maturity bonds in late September to calm markets, but after two weeks that programme has now ended.
英國央行在9月下旬開始購買限期較長期債券以安撫市場，但兩周后，這一計劃已經結束。
Britain’s annual inflation rate rose in September, hitting 10.1% (the level it was at in July).
英國的年度通貨膨脹率在9月份上升，達到10.1%(與7月份持平)。
Food prices made the largest contribution to inflation between August and September.
在8月到9月間，食品價格是造成通貨膨脹的主要原因。
They have risen by 14.6% over the past year.
在過去的一年里，食品價格上漲了14.6%。
Although that was the biggest jump since 1980, staples like milk and butter were up by even more, some 30%.
盡管這是自1980年以來的最大漲幅，但牛奶和黃油等主要食品的漲幅更大，漲幅約為30%。
Energy costs were up by 70%, as gas prices nearly doubled over the year.
能源成本上漲了70%，天然氣價格在過去一年幾乎翻了一番。
There is no sign of the cost-of-living crisis receding for British households.
沒有跡象表明英國家庭的生活成本危機正在消退。
A raft of earnings from America’s big banks showed a decline in profits as rocky markets took a toll on their lucrative investment-banking business.
美國各大銀行的巨額收益顯示，由于動蕩的市場對利潤豐厚的投資銀行業務造成了影響，它們的利潤有所下降。
But at Goldman Sachs, where net income was down by 43%, year on year, another problem is its expansion into retail banking.
但在凈利潤同比下降43%的高盛，另一個問題是其向零售銀行業務的擴張。
Its boss, David Solomon, announced another reorganisation of the bank, splitting up its consumer business by rolling its savings and wealth products into asset-management and putting lending into a new division called Platform.
高盛的老板大衛·所羅門宣布了另一項銀行重組計劃，通過將儲蓄和財富產品并入資產管理，并將貸款業務并入一個名為“平臺”的新部門，從而拆分了消費業務。
Swiss Re estimated that its claims from Hurricane Ian would come in at $1.3bn, causing a quarterly loss of $500m.
瑞士再保險公司估算，颶風“伊恩”造成的索賠將達到13億美元，造成5億美元的季度虧損。
The reinsurance company reckons the total insured market loss from the storm, which hit west Florida in September, would be between $50bn and $65bn.
這家再保險公司估計，去年9月襲擊佛羅里達州西部的這場風暴給保險市場造成的總損失將在500億至650億美元之間。
That could make it the second-most costly hurricane for insurers, behind Katrina in 2005.
颶風“伊恩”可能成為令保險公司損失第二大的颶風，僅次于2005年的颶風“卡特里娜”。
The International Energy Agency said that, “defying expectations”, global carbon-dioxide emissions are expected to grow by only 1% this year.
國際能源署表示，“出乎預期”，今年全球二氧化碳排放量預計僅增長1%。
The increase would have been much larger, it said, if it were not for the take-up of renewable energy and electric cars.
國際能源署稱，如果不是可再生能源和電動汽車的使用，該增幅將會更大。
